Black disease

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Active Ingredients

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Clinical Signs

Systemic

Pyrexia (Fever) Depression Weakness

General Systemic Signs

Sudden death Required Isolation behavior Sternal recumbency

Neurologic

Incoordination

Cardiovascular

Muffled heart sounds

Integumentary

Periorbital edema Cold skin

Respiratory

Rapid shallow respiration

Digestive

Absent ruminal sounds Semifluid feces

Diagnosis

Gram stain

Fluorescent antibody staining

Anaerobic culture on glucose blood agar

Passive protection toxin test

Histopathology

Treatment

Penicillin

Broad spectrum antibiotics with specific antitoxin

Prevention & Control

Burn carcasses

Control snails

Treat liver fluke infestation

Vaccination with alum precipitated toxoid

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No related products found.

Active Ingredients

No active ingredients found.

Host Species

No information available.

Associated Microorganisms

No information available.

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