Overview
Etiology
Multifactorial bacterial disease
Host Species
Buffalo, Calf, Cattle, Goat, Sheep
Associated Microorganisms
Clinical Signs
Pyrexia
Depression
Inappetence
Reduced milk production
Teat vesicle
Mastitis
Mammary gland heat
Postmortem Findings
Carcass dehydration
Generalized congestion of visceral organs
Fibrinous exudate on serosal surfaces
Inflamed mammary gland with purulent secretion
Diagnosis
California Mastitis Test
Rapid screening of milk somatic cells for subclinical mastitis.
Clinical examination
Careful history and physical examination focusing on the presenting syndrome.
Laboratory testing
Hematology, biochemistry, and serology to support the clinical suspicion.
Microbiological culture
Isolation and identification of the causative agent where applicable.
Molecular diagnostics (PCR)
Nucleic-acid based detection for rapid and specific confirmation.
Treatment
Supportive care
Fluid therapy, nutritional support, and rest.
Antipyretic therapy
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to control pyrexia and inflammation.
Antimicrobial therapy
Targeted antibiotics based on culture and sensitivity, respecting withdrawal periods.
Prevention & Control
Biosecurity
Strict disinfection, quarantine of new arrivals, and controlled access.
Herd health monitoring
Early detection and isolation of clinically affected animals.
Milking hygiene
Proper teat disinfection and dry-cow therapy to reduce new infections.